Нийлмэл өгүүлбэр
B1 · IntermediateХэрэв … байсан бол (өнгөрсөнд)
Өнгөрсөнд болоогүй зүйлийг төсөөлж, өөрөөр болсон бол үр дүн нь ямар байх байсныг if + had V3, would have V3-аар хэлнэ.
Аль хэдийн болж өнгөрсөн зүйлийг өөрчлөх боломжгүй. Тиймээс энэ хэв маяг нь «тэгсэн бол ингэх байсан» гэсэн төсөөлөл. Монголоор second conditional-тай адилхан «… байсан бол» гэж хэлдэг тул хугацааг нь анхаар.
If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.
Сайн давтсан бол шалгалтаа өгөх байсан. (Давтаагүй, унасан.)
If we had left earlier, we wouldn't have missed the train.
Эрт гарсан бол галт тэргэнээс хоцрохгүй байсан.
Өнгөрсөнд хийсэн, хийгээгүй зүйлдээ харамсаж байгаагаа ихэвчлэн ингэж хэлдэг.
If you had told me, I would have helped you.
Чи надад хэлсэн бол би туслах байсан шүү дээ.
She wouldn't have got lost if she had taken a map.
Газрын зураг авсан бол тэр төөрөхгүй байсан.
If + S + had + V3 …
If it had rained, …
S + would have + V3
… we would have stayed at home.
If + S + hadn't + V3, S + wouldn't have + V3
If he hadn't fallen, he wouldn't have hurt his leg.
I'd (= I had) … · I'd have (= I would have)
If I'd known, I'd have come.
Энэ дүрэмтэй хамт хамгийн их гардаг үгс.
If I would have known, I would have come.
If I had known, I would have come.
if-тэй хэсэгт would have биш, had + V3.
If I had seen him, I would told him.
If I had seen him, I would have told him.
Үр дүнд would-ийн дараа have + V3 заавал байна.
If she had came, she would have enjoyed it.
If she had come, she would have enjoyed it.
had-ийн дараа гурав дахь хэлбэр (V3): come, gone, seen. Өнгөрсөн хэлбэр (came) биш.
