Модаль үйл үг
A2 · ElementaryЗаавал, хэрэггүй: must, have to
Заавал хийх ёстой, хийж болохгүй, хийх шаардлагагүй зүйлийг must, mustn't, have to, don't have to-гоор ялгаж хэлнэ.
Монголоор «-х ёстой». must нь ихэвчлэн ярьж байгаа хүний өөрийн бодол эсвэл бичгээр тогтсон журам, have to нь ажил, хууль, хуваарь гэх мэт гаднаас ирсэн шаардлага. Ихэнхдээ аль алинаар нь хэлж болно.
I must call my mum tonight.
Өнөө орой ээж рүүгээ заавал залгах ёстой.
Nurses often have to work at night.
Сувилагч нар ихэвчлэн шөнө ажиллах шаардлагатай болдог.
mustn't нь «хийж болохгүй», хориг.
You mustn't use your phone in the exam.
Шалгалтын үеэр утсаа хэрэглэж болохгүй.
We mustn't be late for the meeting.
Бид хуралдаа хоцорч болохгүй.
don't have to нь «хийх хэрэггүй, хийсэн ч болно, хийхгүй ч болно». mustn't-тэй огт өөр утгатай тул андуурч болохгүй.
You don't have to bring food. We have a lot.
Хоол авчрах хэрэггүй ээ, манайд их байгаа.
Tomorrow is Saturday, so I don't have to get up early.
Маргааш Бямба гараг болохоор эрт босох шаардлагагүй.
must-д өнгөрсөн хэлбэр байхгүй тул had to хэрэглэнэ. Асуухдаа ихэвчлэн Do / Does ... have to?
I had to wait for an hour.
Би нэг цаг хүлээх хэрэг гарсан.
Do we have to wear a uniform?
Бид дүрэмт хувцас өмсөх ёстой юу?
must + V · have / has to + V
I must go. She has to work.
mustn't + V
You mustn't smoke here.
don't / doesn't have to + V
He doesn't have to come.
Do / Does + S + have to + V?
Do I have to pay?
had to + V · didn't have to + V
We had to walk home.
Энэ дүрэмтэй хамт хамгийн их гардаг үгс.
You must to wear a helmet.
You must wear a helmet.
must-ийн дараа to хэрэггүй. have to-д харин to байна.
She have to work today.
She has to work today.
he, she, it-тэй has to.
You mustn't come tomorrow. It's a holiday.
You don't have to come tomorrow. It's a holiday.
«Ирэх хэрэггүй» гэвэл don't have to. mustn't гэвэл «ирж болохгүй» болно.
I must go to the dentist yesterday.
I had to go to the dentist yesterday.
Өнгөрсөн цагт must биш had to.
